Since the creation of the International Security Assistance Force (ISAF) in 2001, there has been tension between the US led Operation Enduring Freedom and the NATO led ISAF. Because of differing chains of command, levels of classification and systems, there was a lack of unity of effort in the Intelligence, Surveillance and Reconnaissance (ISR) collection operations. With the growth of all military forces in Afghanistan, there has been a reorganization to put all conventional forces operating in Afghanistan under the ISAF Joint Command. Collection management for conventional forces in Afghanistan is now conducted by the ISR Division (ISRD) within the IJC and sets the stage for more effective and efficient use of ISR collection platforms. | Beyond Afghanistan by Royce Frengle, Paperback | Indigo Chapters