Operation Desert Storm was fought with an immature counter-TBM weapons system, without joint or service AMD doctrine, and without the benefit of joint training. Twelve years later Army AMD forces took to the battlefield once again as part of a joint and coalition force, this time exercising within a JTAMD architecture, possessing a significantly enhanced PAC-3 missile capability, utilizing an evolving doctrine and benefiting from limited joint training. Despite the successful engagements of nine of nine inbound TBM missiles, there were two fratricide aircraft engagements, and one Air Force engagement of a US Patriot unit. | Air Attack Overcoming Victory On The Battlefield In The Pursuit Of Jointness For Army Air And Missile Defense by Forrest E Smith, Paperback